भगवान गौतम बुद्ध की जीवनी Lord Gautama Buddha Life History In Hindi.Siddhaarth.

भगवान गौतम बुद्ध की जीवनी. Lord Gautama Buddha Life History In Hindi.Siddhaarth

Life circle जीवन वृत्त

Unaka janm 563 eesvee poorv ke beech shaaky ganaraajy kee tatkaaleen raajadhaanee kapilavastu ke nikat lumbinee mein hua tha, jo nepaal mein hai.Lumbinee van nepaal ke taraee kshetr mein kapilavastu aur devadah ke beech nautanava steshan se 8 meel door pashchim mein rukminadeee naamak sthaan ke paas sthit tha. Kapilavastu kee mahaaraanee mahaamaaya devee ke apane naihar devadah jaate hue raaste mein prasav peeda huee aur vaheen unhonne ek baalak ko janm diya. Shishu ka naam siddhaarth rakha gaya. Gautam gotr mein janm lene ke kaaran ve gautam bhee kahalae. Kshatriy raaja shuddhodhan unake pita the. Paramparaagat katha ke anusaar siddhaarth kee maata ka unake janm ke saat din baad nidhan ho gaya tha. Unaka paalan poshan unakee mausee aur shuddodhan kee doosaree raanee mahaaprajaavatee (gautamee)ne kiya. Shishu ka naam siddhaarth diya gaya, jisaka arth hai "vah jo siddhee praapti ke lie janma ho". Janm samaaroh ke dauraan, saadhu drashta aasit ne apane pahaad ke nivaas se ghoshana kee- bachcha ya to ek mahaan raaja ya ek mahaan pavitr path pradarshak banega. Shuddodhan ne paanchaven din ek naamakaran samaaroh aayojit kiya aur aath braahman vidvaanon ko bhavishy padhane ke lie aamantrit kiya. sabhee ne ek see doharee bhavishyavaanee kee, ki bachcha ya to ek mahaan raaja ya ek mahaan pavitr aadamee banega. Dakshin madhy nepaal mein sthit lumbinee mein us sthal par mahaaraaj ashok ne teesaree shataabdee eesa poorv buddh ke janm kee smrti mein ek stambh banavaaya tha. Buddh ka janm divas vyaapak roop se theraavada deshon mein manaaya jaata hai. Suddhaarth ka man vachapan se hee karuna aur daya ka srot tha. Isaka parichay unake aarambhik jeevan kee anek ghatanaon se pata chalata hai. Ghudadaud mein jab ghode daudate aur unake munh se jhaag nikalane lagata to siddhaarth unhen thaka jaanakar vaheen rok deta aur jeetee huee baajee haar jaata. Khel mein bhee siddhaarth ko khud haar jaana pasand tha kyonki kisee ko haraana aur kisee ka duhkhee hona usase nahin dekha jaata tha. Siddhaarth ne chachere bhaee devadatt dvaara teer se ghaayal kie gae hans kee sahaayata kee aur usake praanon kee raksha kee.

Education and marriage शिक्षा एवं विवाह

Siddhaarth ne guru vishvaamitr ke paas ved aur upanishad‌ ko to padha heen , raajakaaj aur yuddh-vidya kee bhee shiksha lee. kushtee, ghudadaud, teer-kamaan, rath haankane mein koee usakee baraabaree nahin kar paata. Solah varsh kee umr mein siddhaarth ka kanya yashodhara ke saath vivaah hua. Pita dvaara rtuon ke anuroop banae gae vaibhavashaalee aur samast bhogon se yukt mahal mein ve yashodhara ke saath rahane lage jahaan unake putr raahul ka janm hua. lekin vivaah ke baad unaka man vairaagy mein chala aur samyak sukh-shaanti ke lie unhonne aapane parivaar ka tyaag kar diya.

Detachment विरक्ति

Raaja shuddhodhan ne siddhaarth ke lie bhog-vilaas ka bharapoor prabandh kar diya. Teen rtuon ke laayak teen sundar mahal banava die. vahaan par naach-gaan aur manoranjan kee saaree saamagree juta dee gaee. Daas-daasee usakee seva mein rakh die gae. Par ye sab cheejen siddhaarth ko sansaar mein baandhakar nahin rakh sakeen. Vasant rtu mein ek din siddhaarth bageeche kee sair par nikale. unhen sadak par ek boodha aadamee dikhaee diya. usake daant toot gae the, baal pak gae the, shareer tedha ho gaya tha. Haath mein laathee pakade dheere-dheere kaanpata hua vah sadak par chal raha tha. Doosaree baar kumaar jab bageeche kee sair ko nikala, to usakee aankhon ke aage ek rogee aa gaya. usakee saans tejee se chal rahee thee. kandhe dheele pad gae the. baanhen sookh gaee theen. Pet phool gaya tha. chehara peela pad gaya tha. Doosare ke sahaare vah badee mushkil se chal pa raha tha. Teesaree baar siddhaarth ko ek arthee milee. Chaar aadamee use uthaakar lie ja rahe the. Peechhe-peechhe bahut se log the. koee ro raha tha, koee chhaatee peet raha tha, koee apane baal noch raha tha. in drshyon ne siddhaarth ko bahut vichalit kiya. unhonne socha ki ‘dhikkaar hai javaanee ko, jo jeevan ko sokh letee hai. dhikkaar hai svaasthy ko, jo shareer ko nasht kar deta hai. dhikkaar hai jeevan ko, jo itanee jaldee apana adhyaay poora kar deta hai. kya budhaapa, beemaaree aur maut sada isee tarah hotee rahegee saumy? chauthee baar kumaar bageeche kee sair ko nikala, to use ek sannyaasee dikhaee pada. Sansaar kee saaree bhaavanaon aur kaamanaon se mukt prasannachitt sannyaasee ne siddhaarth ko aakrsht kiya.

Megalopathy महाभिनिष्क्रमण

Sundar patnee yashodhara, dudhamunhe raahul aur kapilavastu jaise raajy ka moh chhodakar siddhaarth tapasya ke lie chal pade. vah raajagrh pahunche. vahaan bhiksha maangee. Siddhaarth ghoomate-ghoomate aalaar kaalaam aur uddak raamaputr ke paas pahunche. Unase yog-saadhana seekhee. Samaadhi lagaana seekha. par usase use santosh nahin hua. Vah uruvela pahunche aur vahaan par tarah-tarah se tapasya karane lage.

Siddhaarth ne pahale to keval til-chaaval khaakar tapasya shuroo kee, baad mein koee bhee aahaar lena band kar diya. shareer sookhakar kaanta ho gaya. Chhah saal beet gae tapasya karate hue. Siddhaarth kee tapasya saphal nahin huee. Shaanti hetu buddh ka madhyam maarg : Ek din kuchh striyaan kisee nagar se lautatee huee vahaan se nikaleen, jahaan siddhaarth tapasya kar raha the. unaka ek geet siddhaarth ke kaan mein pada- ‘veena ke taaron ko dheela mat chhod do. Dheela chhod dene se unaka sureela svar nahin nikalega. Par taaron ko itana kaso bhee mat ki ve toot jaen.’ baat siddhaarth ko janch gaee. Vah maan gaye ki niyamit aahaar-vihaar se hee yog siddh hota hai. ati kisee baat kee achchhee nahin. kisee bhee praapti ke lie madhyam maarg hee theek hota hai or isake lie kathor tapasya karanee padatee hai.

 Attainment of knowledge    ज्ञान की प्राप्ति

Buddh ke pratham guru aalaar kalaam the,jinase unhonnee sannyaas kaal mein shiksha praapt kee .35 varsh kee aayu mein vaishaakhee poornima ke din siddhaarth peepal vrksh ke neeche dhyaanasth the. Buddh ne bodhagaya mein niranjana nadee ke tat par kathor tapasya kee tatha sujaata naamak ladakee ke haathon kheer khaakar upavaas toda. Sameepavartee gaanv kee ek stree sujaata ko putr hua.Vah bete ke lie ek peepal vrksh se mannat pooree karane ke lie sone ke thaal mein gaay ke doodh kee kheer bharakar pahunchee. siddhaarth vahaan baitha dhyaan kar raha tha. use laga ki vrkshadevata hee maano pooja lene ke lie shareer dharakar baithe hain. sujaata ne bade aadar se siddhaarth ko kheer bhent kee aur kaha- ‘jaise meree manokaamana pooree huee, usee tarah aapakee bhee ho.’ usee raat ko dhyaan lagaane par siddhaarth kee saadhana saphal huee. Use sachcha bodh hua. tabhee se siddhaarth buddh kahalae. jis peepal vrksh ke neeche siddhaarth ko bodh mila vah bodhivrksh kahalaaya aur gaya ka sameepavartee vah sthaan bodhagaya.

Canonization धर्म-चक्र-प्रवर्तन

Ve 80 varsh kee umr tak apane dharm ka sanskrt ke bajaay us samay kee seedhee saral lokabhaasha paalee mein prachaar karate rahe. Unake seedhe saral dharm kee lokapriyata tejee se badhane lagee. Chaar saptaah tak bodhivrksh ke neeche rahakar dharm ke svaroop ka chintan karane ke baad buddh dharm ka upadesh karane nikal pade. Aashaadh kee poornima ko ve kaashee ke paas mrgadaav (vartamaan mein saaranaath) pahunche. Vaheen par unhonne sarvapratham dharmopadesh diya aur pratham paanch mitron ko apana anuyaayee banaaya aur phir unhen dharm prachaar karane ke liye bhej diya. mahaaprajaapatee gautamee (buddh kee vimaata)ko sarvapratham bauddh sangh me pravesh mila.aanand,buddh ka priy shishy tha. Buddh aanand ko hee sambodhit karake apane upadesh dete the.

Mahaparinirvan महापरिनिर्वाण

Buddh parinirvaan mein pravesh karate hue paali siddhaant ke mahaaparinirvaan sutt ke anusaar 80 varsh kee aayu mein buddh ne ghoshana kee ki ve jald hee parinirvaan ke lie ravaana honge. Buddh ne apana aakhiree bhojan, jise unhonne kunda naamak ek lohaar se ek bhent ke roop mein praapt kiya tha, grahan liya jisake kaaran ve gambheer roop se beemaar pad gaye. Buddh ne apane shishy aanand ko nirdesh diya ki vah kunda ko samajhae ki usane koee galatee nahin kee hai. unhone kaha ki yah bhojan atuly hai.